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Decoding Spirit
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26 September 2026 · Bhagavad Gita

I do so much for people — and I've started keeping score of every unreturned favour.

The Gita sorts every gift into three kinds by a single test — what the giver was waiting to get back. The score you're keeping isn't the injustice. It's the diagnosis.

You drove to the airport at five in the morning. Twice. You remembered the birthday, hosted the dinner, made the call the week their father was ill. And somewhere in the last year, without ever deciding to, you opened a ledger. Airport runs given: four. Received: none. Dinners hosted: seven. Invitations back: one, and that was a barbecue.

You would never say the numbers out loud. But you know them. And the balance has a mood attached — a tightening every time the phone rings with another ask, a private speech that begins 'after everything I've done'. The kindness is still going out. What comes back isn't gratitude. It's interest on a debt nobody else knows they owe.

The Bhagavad Gita has a chapter that sorts giving into three kinds — not by size or sacrifice, but by one thing only: what the giver was hoping to get back. Here is the first kind.

Bhagavad Gita 17.20

दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे। देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम्॥

dātavyam iti yad dānaṁ dīyate 'nupakāriṇe, deśe kāle ca pātre ca tad dānaṁ sāttvikaṁ smṛtam॥

“A gift given simply because it ought to be given — to one who can make no return, at the right place and time, to a fitting person — that gift is known as sāttvika, the gift of goodness.”

Source: Bhagavad Gita

Three kinds of gift

Chapter 17 of the Gita passes three ordinary activities — worship, discipline, giving — through the three guṇas (गुण), the strands colouring every action: sattva, clarity; rajas, appetite; tamas, dullness. Verse 20 is giving in sattva. The verse that follows describes giving in rajas: a gift made for the sake of a return favour, or with an eye on some reward — and given, the verse adds, with a wince. Grudgingly. Counting.

Read those two verses side by side and something uncomfortable happens. The airport run, the dinners, the phone call — every one was a real gift when it left your hands. The Gita does not dispute that. It asks something quieter: what came stapled to it? The moment a gift carries an invoice, even an unspoken one, it has crossed from the first verse into the second. Not because you gave less. Because you were waiting.

That is what the ledger tells you. The resentment is not proof that the people around you are ungrateful — some may well be. It is proof of which verse you have been giving from. The score is the invoice. And the invoice, not the kindness, is what is eating you.

Why the invoice is the poison

Look at the strangest word in the verse: anupakāriṇe (अनुपकारिणे) — to one who can do you no service in return, who cannot repay this one. The Gita's cleanest gift is defined by the impossibility of being paid back. A gift that could be reciprocated is a loan in nicer clothes. The only way to be sure a gift is a gift is to make it somewhere the ledger cannot follow.

The old commentators give the reason plainly. Give dātavyam iti — because it ought to be given — and remember that what you are giving was never, in the deepest sense, yours. Everything that passed through your hands arrived from somewhere: a parent's early mornings, a teacher's patience, a stranger's directions. You did not open a ledger on them. Giving is passing on what was passed to you. The invoice appears the moment you forget that.

Here is the practical bite. The second kind of giving is not condemned — the Gita ranks it below the first, not outside it. But it carries a cost the first does not: it binds you to the return. You gave the gift, and now you are also holding the receipt, watching the door, keeping the book. The kindness cost you an hour. The waiting is costing you the year.

Practising it this week

First, read the ledger out loud, once — to yourself, in an empty room. Every unreturned favour, with the numbers. It will sound petty as it leaves your mouth, and that is the point: what is unbearable as a private mood is often very small as a spoken sentence. Then close the book. Not forgive, yet. Just close it.

Second, sort the next ask before you answer it. The phone rings: can you do the airport run again? The Gita leaves you three honest options and one dishonest one. Give it freely — right time, right place, and you have it to give. Give it knowing you want something back, and say so: 'Yes — and I'd love you to take mine next month.' Or decline. The dishonest option is the one you have been choosing: yes, plus a silent entry in the book.

Third, make one gift this week that cannot be returned — to someone who will never know it was you, or could never repay it: the neighbour moving away, the colleague on their last day, the stranger. This is not a nicer airport run. It is the antidote to it. You are teaching your hands what giving feels like without a receipt.

Be honest about difficulty: the ledger will reopen by itself. You did not choose to start it, and the next entry will simply appear when the phone rings. The practice is not never keeping score. It is noticing the entry, naming its verse, and choosing — one gift at a time — whether the receipt goes out with the kindness, or the kindness goes alone.

The gift left your hands a long time ago. The invoice is the only part you are still carrying.

Frequently asked questions

Why do I resent people who don't return favours, even though I want to be generous?
Because the favour left with an invoice attached. The Bhagavad Gita (17.20–21) sorts gifts by what the giver hoped to get back: given simply because it ought to be, to one who cannot repay — or given for a return, and with a wince. The resentment is the invoice, not the kindness. Tear off the invoice and the generosity comes back.
What does the Bhagavad Gita say about giving without expecting anything in return?
Gita 17.20 calls it the sāttvika gift: given because it ought to be given, at the right place and time, to a fitting person — and to one who can make no return (anupakāriṇe). The impossibility of repayment is what makes a gift a gift. Anything that can be paid back is a loan in nicer clothes.
How do I stop keeping score in my friendships and family?
Three moves. Read your private ledger out loud once, then close it. Before the next favour, choose honestly: give freely, give and say what you'd like back, or decline — never 'yes' plus a silent entry. Then make one gift this week that cannot be returned, to teach your hands the difference (Bhagavad Gita 17.20).